Blockchain technology is used in Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum digital currency.Blockchain can be defined as distributing digital information across the network. It is immutable. Each Individual data has only one owner. Blockchain is one type of Digital ledger that stored in a distributed network. Blockchain technology allows to timestamp digital information so it can not possible to temper digital information. Any digital information (Ex. Transaction ) are stored in blocks. All the blocks are connected To each other using cryptographic algorithm.
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What is Block in BlockChain?
Block is one type of data structure that store digital information. Each block contains Data, Hash, and the previous hash of the block. Because of each block contain previous hash it becomes more secure from attacking Information in blocks.Suppose attacker change content in block 2 information, the hash of block 2 also changed. But block 3 has still old hash of block 2. So Block 3 and all other following block has not The correct hash of the previous block. So changing in a single block makes invalid all other blocks.
So blockchain technology is secured against modification of data. It is immutable.The blockchain technology uses a peer-to-peer network for distributing information. In the distributed peer-to-peer network every one able to join the network. When someone Join in the network he gets a full copy of blocks. When a user creates a new block, it sent to all user in the node. Each node in the network needs to verify the blocks that it is not altered. After verifying blocks each node add new
Blocks in the blockchain.
How Transaction in Blockchain work?
Someone request transaction in the blockchain network.The requested transaction broadcasted to the P2P network with the help of connected Computer in the network which we called nodes.P2P Network of nodes validates the transaction using algorithms. Once the transaction verified it is combined with other transactions in the network for Create a new block of data. The new block is then added to an existing blockchain network that is permanent and Unalterable.
Block Structure SnapShot:
Sample data structure for blocks
Data: Any data that is included in the block
Hash: A sha256 hash taken from the content of the block
Previous hash: A reference to the hash of the previous block.
Blockchain Version
Blockchain version 1.0
Version 1.0 used in blockchain in cryptocurrencies Eg. Bitcoin. Used in Decentralization of money and payments.
Blockchain version 2.0
Version 2.0 used in Smart Contracts, the deployment of smart properties, digital assets, and smart contracts.The program that written to perform execution on some condition from the blockchain.Eg. Ethereum
Blockchain version 3.0
Version 3.0 used in the decentralized application. It uses decentralized storage and decentralized communication and has their backend code running on a decentralized peer-to-peer network, a blockchain.
Blockchain version 4.0
Version 4.0 used in industry, enterprise resource planning, integration of different execution systems, supply chain management, IoT data collection, and asset management.
Integrate Sample Ethereum Client App in Android
Use open-source library web3j for integrating into an android app.
Link:- https://github.com/web3j/web3j/tree/android
Create new android studio project and implement a library in Gradle file
compile ('org.web3j:core:3.1.1-android')
Visit https://infura.io and register for api key
Connect to ETH network node:
Use permission :
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
private void connectToEthNode() {
web3 = Web3jFactory.build(new HttpService("https://rinkeby.infura.io/v3/{YOUR API KEY}"));
try {
Web3ClientVersion clientVersion = web3.web3ClientVersion().sendAsync().get();
if (!clientVersion.hasError()) {
showToast("Connected");
} else {
showToast("Error to connecting");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
showToast("Error to connecting");
}
}
After Connecting to ETH node, You can create a wallet in your app local storage.
Create wallet file path in app Ex. getFilesDir().getAbsolutePath()
Use your external storage for storage path..
Create Wallet
private void createWallet(String password){
try{
fileName = WalletUtils.generateFullNewWalletFile(password, file path);
walletDir = new File(walletPath + "/" + fileName);
showToast("Wallet created");
}
catch (Exception e){
showToast("Error in creating wallet");
}
}
Use above code to create wallet using password.
Use above all methods in async task or background thread.
Load Wallet file and Get Etharium Address.
Credentials credentials =
WalletUtils.loadCredentials ( “password”, walletDir);
Where walletDir is file path of wallet file stored in the device.
You can get waller address from
credentials.getAddress()
Use this credential for further use for the transaction.
Send Ether to Another Wallet Address.
private void makeFundTransfer(Credentials credentials,String toAddress,Double amountInEther){
Web3j web3 = Web3j.build(new HttpService("https://rinkeby.infura.io/v3/YOUR_TOKEN"));
try {
TransactionReceipt transactionReceipt = Transfer.sendFunds(
web3, credentials, toAddress,
BigDecimal.valueOf(amountInEther), Convert.Unit.ETHER)
.send();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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